Cold Laser Therapy claims is to be critically evaluated Essay

Cold Laser Therapy claims is to be basically assessed - Essay Example To endorse some other case or even comparable case for a specific gadget, the FDA requires satisfactory clinical information. Hawaii-based Quantum-Healing - Lasers.com, which sells numerous chilly laser items on the web, guarantees that low-level laser treatment is successful for help with discomfort, hostile to maturing, weight reduction, smoking discontinuance, healthy skin, and treatment of broken bones and shot injuries (Quantum-Heating-Lasers.com). This paper expects to assess a portion of the cases made by the association. Quantum-Healing-Lasers.com says that smoking discontinuance concentrates in Canada and Europe have an implied achievement pace of 85%. As indicated by the site, a high-frequency, low-vitality light, when applied to explicit focuses in the body, squares nicotine-receptors and reproduces the arrival of endorphins. Nicotine is the addictive-factor in cigarette smoking. Nicotine gives smokers a high by discharging state of mind upgrading synthetic compounds called endorphins. The arrival of endorphins during laser treatment supposedly forestalls any withdrawal manifestations that may happen due to smoking end. By reducing the withdrawal side effects, a long-term smoker isn't enticed to smoke once more. The site guarantees that the strategy is effortless, simple, and takes just 30 minutes. The American Cancer Society (ACS) charges that the as of now accessible logical proof doesn't bolster cases of cold laser treatment as a smoking end help. Another claim made by ACS is that some TV slots detailed the cool laser treatment suppliers commercials promising smoking end with laser treatment as news, making the treatment mainstream (ACS::Cold Laser Therapy, 2007). Open guard dog bunch Public Citizen likewise claimed that cool laser treatment suppliers are cheating a huge number of smokers with guarantee of end for strong totals of up to $349 per meeting. As indicated by the gathering audits of clinical writing shows hardly any all around run preliminaries that review the viability of cold laser treatment for

Computer Games and Artificial Intelligence :: Video Game AI

PC Games and Artificial Intelligence Dynamic PC games give a test to humanity. An approach to exhibit his authority over the idea of knowledge but then an approach to test that dominance. It is through a consistent need to improve the man-made reasoning in PC games that man additionally figures out how to look at his own inventiveness, to reach past what is conceivable and develop himself. Advancements in the man-made reasoning of PC games have demonstrated exceptional improvement as new classes of games have been made with new advances in the innovation. More up to date increasingly perplexing and versatile games exhibit an expanded comprehension of knowledge and outfit engaging benchmarks of our own capacity. Presentation The possibility of man-made reasoning is an overwhelming thought. That the very thing that recognizes humankind from all other living creatures, knowledge, is reproducible even enhanced presents a specific test to humankind: is man-made brainpower better than human insight? To stay away from the philosophical chicken-and-egg contention, man has made a clever method to test AI: games. What were once unimportant engaging redirections, PC games have become a discussion for man to set his knowledge in opposition to a falsely canny PC program trying to approve his own self-esteem. Such difficulties give a methods for diversion as well as a way to personal growth. Consider the discussion with respect to the ongoing triumph of IBM's Deep Blue over world chess champion Gary Kasparov. Features relating the story commonly scrutinized the superiority of human knowledge for the man-made brainpower spoke to by Deep Blue. Presently like never before, the test introduced by PC games and man-made reasoning has made a need. This need must be met by tests gave by connecting with, imaginative, and savvy PC games. This has prodded a whole industry, which represents billions of dollars consistently. The wide-scale improvement of PC games proceeds in an assortment of arrangements: recreation games, activity/experience games, intuitive 3D games, battling games, and others. These are on the whole ways for man to test his inventiveness as well as his own knowledge and capacity to develop himself. PC Games Early PC games required insignificant physical response and very little knowledge as game software engineers attempted to grow progressively practical games that would give a domain to increasingly complex communication. With this aside, the appearance of present day PC games required game planners to create programs that would mimic human conduct. Recreation, in this way, while not delegate of unique idea, is a fundamental spot to begin so as to analyze the advancement of PC game knowledge.

Why People With PTSD Use Emotional Avoidance to Cope

Why People With PTSD Use Emotional Avoidance to Cope PTSD Coping Print Why People With PTSD Use Emotional Avoidance to Cope Avoidance may work in the short-term but can cause more problems later By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 11, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 02, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Maskot / Getty Images Emotional avoidance is a common reaction to trauma. In fact, emotional avoidance is part of the avoidance cluster of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, serving as a way for people with PTSD to escape painful or difficult emotions. Avoidance refers to any action designed to prevent the occurrence of an uncomfortable emotion such as fear, sadness, or shame. For example, a person may try to avoid difficult emotions through the use of  substances  or  dissociation. Emotional avoidance may be effective in the short-term and can provide some temporary relief. In the long run, it often causes more harm as avoidance behaviors are associated with increased severity of PTSD symptoms. Avoidance Cluster Behavior The avoidance cluster of PTSD symptoms  is categorized as the attempt  to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings as well as external reminders such as conversations about the traumatic event or  people or places that bring the event to mind. Avoidance behaviors are effectively an effort to withdraw from situations and feelings that produce trauma-related symptoms. Moreover, people engaging in avoidance may have emotional numbing symptoms  such as  feeling distant from others, losing  interest in activities they used to enjoy, or having trouble  experiencing positive feelings such as happiness or love.  Avoiding emotional experiences is common among people who have PTSD. Emotional Avoidance in PTSD Research shows  that people with PTSD often try to avoid or “push away” their emotions, both emotions about a traumatic experience and emotions in general. In addition, it has been found that trying to avoid feeling emotions may make some PTSD symptoms worse or even contribute to the development of PTSD symptoms after experiencing a traumatic event.?? Why Emotional Avoidance Doesnt Work Emotions serve important psychological and physiological purposes. Your emotions provide you with information about yourself and the things going on around you. They communicate and motivate action. For example, fear tells you that you may be in danger; sadness tells you that you may need some time to take care of yourself or seek help from others. While emotional avoidance temporarily suppresses difficult emotions, the emotions youre trying to avoid may grow harder to ignore over time. Your emotions may “fight back” in an attempt to serve their functions. If someone is determined to avoid feeling their emotions, they may eventually turn to more drastic and unhealthy ways to avoid them, such as substance use.? Avoiding your emotions also takes considerable effort, and as the emotions you are avoiding grow stronger, more and more effort is needed to keep them at bay. As a result, little energy may be left for the important things in your life such as family and friends. In addition, using all your energy to avoid certain emotions may make it difficult to manage other experiences, such as frustration and irritation, making you more likely to be “on edge” and angry. Research has also suggested?? that avoidance coping leads to chronic worry. The Purpose of Emotions Management and Treatment of PTSD Symptoms The best way to start managing your symptoms is to develop healthier coping mechanisms that allow you to identify, accept, and process your emotions. Therapy can provide the opportunity to express and understand your emotions as well as examine the sources of those emotional responses. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) In addition to examining emotions connected directly to the traumatic event, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?? may address how certain thoughts or ways of evaluating a situation may be contributing to your emotions. Therapists who practice CBT typically focus on what is going on in the individuals current life, rather than past events, and the focus is on moving forward in time to devise more effective strategies for coping with life. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), on the other hand, focuses on breaking down avoidance and helping a person place their energy into living a meaningful life (and being willing to experience whatever emotions arise as a result).?? In order to produce psychological flexibility, ACT makes use of acceptance and mindfulness processes and commitment and behavior change processes. Social Support and Self-Monitoring Whichever therapy you choose, getting help can provide you with a safe place to express and approach your emotions. Seeking social support from trusted loved ones can also provide a safe way to express your emotions. Finally, writing about your feelings can also give you a safe and private way to release your deepest thoughts. If your emotions feel really unclear or unpredictable, self-monitoring may be a useful strategy for you. It can give you a sense of which situations bring out certain thoughts and feelings. Finally, if your emotions feel too strong, try distraction instead of avoidance. Distraction can be viewed as “temporary avoidance.” Do something to temporarily distract you from a strong negative emotion, such as reading a book, calling a trusted friend, or taking a bath. This may give the emotion some time to decrease in strength, making it easier to cope with. How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD

What You Should Know About Electronics

Electronics is the branch of physics that deals with the emission and effects of electrons and the operation of electronic devices. How Is Electronics Different From Electricity? Many devices, from toasters to vacuum cleaners, use electricity as an energy source. These electrical devices transform the electrical current they receive through your wall socket and transform it into another form of energy. Your toaster, for example, transforms electricity into heat. Your lamp transforms electricity into light. Your vacuum cleaner transforms electrical energy into motion that drives the vacuums motor. Electronic devices, however, do more. Instead of transforming electrical energy into heat, light, or motion, they actually manipulate the electrical current itself. In this way, electronic devices can add meaningful information to the current itself. Thus, an electric current can be manipulated to carry sound, video, or data. Most devices are both electrical and electronic. For example, your brand new toaster may transform electricity into heat and also manipulate the current using a thermostat that maintains a specific temperature. Similarly, your cell phone needs a battery to provide electrical energy, but it also manipulates electricity to transmit sound and pictures. History of Electronics While we think of electronics as a modern field, it has actually been around for well over 100 years. In fact, the first manipulation of electrical currents for practical purposes began in 1873 (with Thomas Edison). The first major breakthrough in electronics occurred in 1904, with the invention of the vacuum tube (also called the thermionic valve). Vacuum tubes made possible the invention of TV, radio, radar, telephones, amplifiers, and even microwave ovens. In fact, they were used throughout most of the 20th century and are even in use in some places today. Then, in 1955, IBM introduced a calculator that used transistor circuits without vacuum tubes. It contained no fewer than 3,000 individual transistors. Digital technology (in which information is shared using a combination of 0s and 1s) became easier to design with the use of transistors. Miniaturization has led to a revolution in digital technology. Today, we think of electronics as relating to high tech fields such as computer design, information technology, and design of electronic devices. The reality, however, is that electricity and electronics are still very closely allied. As a result, even auto mechanics must have a good understanding of both fields. Preparing for a Career in Electronics The field of electronics is vast, and electronic engineers generally make a very good living. If you are planning to go to college, you may choose to major in electronic engineering, or you may choose a university where you can specialize in a particular field such as aerospace, telecommunications, or manufacturing. In any case, you will be learning about the physics and practical uses of electricity and electromagnetism. If you are not going the college route, you have several good options in the field of electronics. Electricians, for example, are often trained through apprenticeship programs; todays electricians must also be up to date with electronics, as most projects require a working knowledge of both. Other options include electronic sales, manufacturing, and technician jobs.

The Importance Of Communication In Foreign Language Students

When it comes to varied communication among cultures, teaching language can be complex. In many educational programs, culture has been neglected or mistreated when it comes to teaching foreign languages. Culture is often thought as a supplementary topic but attention is needed to bring forward considering that culture is the highlight of communication to foreign language students. Another study has been conducted to analyze English as a second language program in schools. Anne Ma and her colleagues (2014) address several approaches when it comes to teachers preparing and teaching students who are from another country. The main purpose of the study was to enrich the understanding of the English as a second language student and perform a†¦show more content†¦As Ma s research continues, the analysis of the interviews was used to calculate the responses from the participants to their language confidence and attitudes towards immersion on culture. To support the researchers calc ulations, the use of the Strategies Inventory for Learning Culture, developed by Michael Paige, helped organize the categories for learning the culture and the strategies that were used. The Strategies Inventory for Learning Culture consisted of activities which helped to improve English and strategies to help communicate. As a result, the participants response to the interviews calculated high percentages to speaking and listening strategies when it comes to learning English as a second language. The least strategy effective in learning English was writing and translation. The findings also show, when the participant engage in conversations with dominant English language speakers, they tend to develop a broader knowledge of the culture. The listening strategies mentioned helps the participants to comprehend as they become more engaged with the English dialect. Another strategy that has helped the participants to cope with the new language and culture was setting aside their own beliefs and values, as well, changing their mindset and becoming adjusted to the new culture. Another studying on communication was aimed to explore the factors on intercultural differencesShow MoreRelatedMotivation Is Not Always Present For The Classroom At Milby High School1642 Words   |  7 Pagesthe importance of speaking Spanish in the real world. These small but highly motivating things Mrs. Garcia would do, lead most of her students into wanting to be teachers, and it lead me into wanting to motivate others into learning Spanish as a Spanish teacher. 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Students in junior high and high school should be required to learn a foreign language because you learn about different cultures, it opens up a world of job opportunities and helpsRead MoreThe Evolution of Second- and Foreign- Language Teaching1662 Words   |  7 PagesThe Evolution of Second- and Foreign- Language Teaching (The 19th and 20th Century and The New Era of Second Language Teaching) In his treatment of the historical developments in language pedagogy, Stern (1992) isolates three ways in which language pedagogy has aimed to renew and improve itself:1. Innovation through change in teaching methods; 2. Innovation through language-related sciences and research; 3. Technological innovation. During the nineteenth century, the Grammar-TranslationRead MoreRichard Rodriguez s Hunger Of Memory1740 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage is defined as a system for the expression of thoughts and feelings by the use of spoken words (dictionary.com). We hear our first language before we are born. We enter the world with the ability to be comforted by the sounds we came to understand before we came out of our mother’s womb. As we grow, we use our words to express who we are becoming as an individual. We may use the same words as others, but the style of speaking we use is one that we develop over time, and is specific to us

Reflective Log Post Modernity Free Essays

Through the lecture of week 2, I understood the definition of post modernity. It is defined that ‘Post modernity is a reaction to the advanced alienation of late capitalism tempt to restore some meaning to the existential despair over the growing irrationality of modernity’ (Lee, 1992). In addition, I also learned that post modernity has many characteristics which consists of hyper reality, chronology, fragmentation, dedifferentiation, pastiche, anti-foundationalism, reversals of production and consumption, decentering of subject and paradoxical juxtapositions. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Log: Post Modernity or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, I did not understand what they are and it is really complex to learn initially. After the lecture, I knew them better than before. For example, Disney land theme parks all over the world could be strongly reflected the hyper reality. Personally, Hyperrealism is a symptom of postmodern culture. Hyper reality does not â€Å"exist† or â€Å"not exist. It is simply a way of describing the information to which the consciousness is subject. I good understand about this feature. Furthermore, take ‘Hui Li’ Sneakers in China as a good example. This brand sneaker is popular in 1990s, and goes out of the market for nearly 20 years, but it is popular on the market up again as the symbol of the main trend. Moreover, pastiche as a feature in post modernity was reflected interestingly. For example, in the post modern society, those creative people are not rigidly adhere to old things and want to use modern elements on the basis of the original classics. A famous oil painting of ‘The Last Supper’ by Leonardo da Vinci was recreated in a new interesting style. I have understood three features of hyper reality, chronology and pastiche very well. Nevertheless, the rest features are not so well understanding about them, and I will continually learn them step by step. How to cite Reflective Log: Post Modernity, Essay examples

New Jersey Vs. T.L.O. Essays - Piscataway, New Jersey,

New Jersey Vs. T.L.O. Christopher D. Monroe II New Jersey Vs. T.L.O. Facts of the Case On March 7, 1985 T.L.O. and another student were found smoking in the woman's bathroom. They were then taken to see the Assistant Principal, Mr. Choplick, and were questioned about smoking in the bathroom. Upon further questioning the second student told Mr. Choplick she was smoking T.L.O. denied she was smoking and also claimed ? I don't smoke at all?. Mr. Choplick then asked if he could search the purse and T.L.O. complied. Upon first opening the purse a pack of cigarettes was found and under it was a pack of rolling papers. In Mr. Choplick's experience rolling papers are a prerequisite of marijuana use. Upon further inspection he found a pipe, plastic bags commonly referred to as ?dime bags?, marijuana, a large sum of money, and notes implicating T.L.O. in marijuana dealing. Mr. Choplick then informed T.L.O.'s mother and the police of the offense and then sent in the evidence to the police. While in police custody T.L.O. confessed to marijuana dealing. She was charged with delinquency. In court T.L.O tried to suppress the evidence by deeming the evidence inadmissible because of her 4th amendment rights being disrupted and the confession inadmissible because of her 5th amendment rights being violated in conjunction with evidence found. She was found guilty and then it was overturned by the New Jersey Supreme Court. Parts of the Constitution IV amendment V amendment XIV amendment Precedents Hudson Vs. Palmer Brown Vs. Board of Education South Dakota Vs. Opperman Arguments In trying to accomplish the feat of a safe school environment you have to give up some personal freedoms. This trial is not about her smoking but about the marijuana found while the purse was searched for cigarettes. The search of the purse was reasonable because of the suspicion of her smoking in the bathroom. During that search cigarettes were found along with wrapping papers for cigarettes or marijuana as mostly used by teenagers. Upon that evidence he searched the bag thoroughly in a separate compartment he found marijuana, plastic bags, a large sum of money, and notes implicating her in marijuana dealing. Legal Issues

Choosing Your Religion and Political Beliefs †Literature Essay

Choosing Your Religion and Political Beliefs – Literature Essay Free Online Research Papers Choosing Your Religion and Political Beliefs Literature Essay Everyone knows that part of the idea behind the creation of an independent nation in the 1700’s was the opportunity for all people to make choices for themselves and to be whoever they wanted to be. Whether or not the idea turned out the way it was supposed to, is another question. However, the opportunity for people to make choices concerning religion, political beliefs and other important matters relies upon the idea that people are equipped to make these decisions, as well as other less substantial decisions everyday. Supposing that people have the ability to live as individuals, responsible for and living in the best possible way for themselves, assumes that people are capable of making good decisions, decisions benefiting themselves and those around them in the best possible way. The possibility of this ideal, the basis of the establishment of America, is explored and represented in a number of the works of the time, including Hannah Webster Foster’s The Coquette, and in Charles Brockden Brown’s Weiland and Arthur Mervyn. In the works, the authors represent individualism in different ways, but each seems to support the idea that it is impossible for any person to make every decision co rrectly for him or herself, and that to some extent, all need the help of others to make the choices which are best for themselves and the world around them. Foster presents the idea that women are unable to make good decisions for themselves in The Coquette. In The Coquette, Eliza is always appealing to her family and friends for help in making her decisions regarding her two suitors, and she is constantly going back and forth with her decisions and convictions. One moment, Eliza has determined to be with Boyer, and the next she is regretting and recanting her decision and again running to Sanford. Eliza also declares again and again that she is no longer going to see or spend time with Sanford, only to agree to a meeting with him only days or moments later. Even after Eliza makes a seemingly definitive decision to reject Sanford, she does not follow it, to the dismay of her family and friends. Eliza’s indecisiveness even leads to the loss of Boyer, and it is not until he has found another love that she makes the decision that she loves him. Eliza’s inability to make a timely decision only leads to her misfortune. Further supporting the idea that Eliza is incapable of making a good decision is the result of her final decision to be with Sanford. Although it could be argued that a part of Eliza’s misery stems from her family and friends lack acceptance of her choices, it is undeniable that her ultimate decision results in the ruin of her life, both emotionally and physically. Because Eliza consents to the affair with Sanford, she is resigned to a life of shame and ruined reputation, and she mourns her decision and the effect it will have on her mother and friends as soon as her â€Å"mistake† is revealed. As a result of her decision to be with Sanford, Eliza becomes pregnant, and the shame and strain of bearing a child out of wedlock leads to her eventual death. Clearly Eliza is unable to make a good decision, so it is entirely possible that Foster believes that not only her character, but all women, are unable to do so as well. Foster seems to support the idea that women nee d the help and advice of others in order to make the right decision, and that a foolish girl trying to make such decisions for herself, trying to exert her individuality, can only result in disaster in the end. Brown also leads the reader to question individuals’ abilities to make good decisions in Wieland. In Wieland, several characters are presented as making decisions which have extreme ill effects for those around them, implying that Brown supports the idea that individuals are incapable of relying solely on themselves when it comes to decision making. Such bad decision making is without a doubt illustrated in the decisions of the villain of Weiland, Carwin. In the work, Carwin’s choice to fool around with the Wieland family creates the worst possible effects for everyone. Because of Carwin’s pranks, the family goes through countless instances of horror and grief, and their content existence is essentially ruined. Carwin and his ventriloquism causes the distress of Clara, her brother Wieland, and his entire family, and leads to an immense amount of questioning and doubting among the group. Carwin’s tricks may even have played a role in Wieland’s slaughtering of his family, if not by the direct encouragement through ventriloquism of Wieland to sacrifice them, at least by making his mind more susceptible to a mental breakdown causing him to do so by placing unnecessary stress on his mind. Carwin comes to regret his fooling with the family, as is demonstrated by his attempt to gain forgiveness and to explain himself to Clara after the nasty results of his schemes. Since Carwin regrets his decision to use the family to entertain himself, he too is illustrated as unable to make a decision which is best for himself, and which has even worse results for those around him. It could also be argued that Wieland himself is further proof of the individual’s inability to make responsible and good decisions. Not only does Wieland make the unfortunate decision to murder his family as homage to God, but his apparent mental instability initiates questioning about the ability for all Americans to make decisions for themselves. If mental instability could happen in the case of one American, it could logically happen to others, making the stability of all America vulnerable. If there are those out there who are hearing voices telling them to kill their families, America truly is in danger, especially if these people are being trusted to make significant decisions affecting themselves and others. Brown seems to be warning his readers against this possibility, and to be supporting the idea that one alone cannot make the important decisions for himself or for society. Inexperience seems to be the problem associated with one making one’s own decisions in Arthur Mervyn. Again in Mervyn, Brown seems to be supporting the idea that the intelligence of more than one person is necessary to make good decisions, and that the individual is incapable of making the wisest choices for oneself. Arthur Mervyn seems to be Brown’s illustration of why individuals are incapable of decision making, as he is undeniably inexperienced and uneducated, and unable to trust in many of his own choices in important matters. Although Mervyn seems to place faith in his actions and their moral consequences, he still is unable to believe himself to possess enough experience and knowledge to make every good decision and to achieve anything substantial in society or the world. He is constantly seeking the advice and counsel of his wiser and more worldly friends, such as the Stevens’ and even Welbeck, proving his desperation for resources and help and his in ability to make choices for himself. Mervyn even requires the advice and encouragement of Mr. Stevens in the situation of making Ascha his wife, demonstrating that he cannot make important decisions for himself even when they are of the most personal kind. Adding further doubt to Mervyn’s ability to make good decisions is the fact that when Mervyn does make a decision for himself, it has many extremely unfortunate results. Because Mervyn decides to run hastily to the city to save Susan’s fiancà ©, he causes a number of events which have terrible effects for himself and for those around him. Since Mervyn left without informing the Hadwin’s of his intentions, Mr. Hadwin risks his life unnecessarily in entering the city himself to search for Wallace. Mervyn also exposes himself to the disease while conducting his search, an occurrence which leads to the danger of infection to others as well. Undoubtedly, Mervyn is a reckless and somewhat thoughtless man when he must make his own decisions, and if it were not for luck and the care of others, he most likely would not have made it through his ordeal alive and happy. Without the intervention of others, and their help in making his choices, Mervyn would not have had his happy ending, showing that Brown believes that everyone needs help when it comes to deciding what is best for themselves and for the world. As Foster and Brown demonstrate, although America may be ideally a land where people can achieve individuality, it may not always be best for people to assume responsibility for each decison in such a tumultuous time. As the works demonstrate, looking only into oneself for the right answers is not always best, and can have some unfortunate results. Therefore, these authors each seem to be supporting the idea that in a time of many questions and such doubt, allowing others to advise and counsel can only help in the decision-making process, and help to ensure the well-being and happiness of those for whom they care. Research Papers on Choosing Your Religion and Political Beliefs - Literature EssayCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThree Concepts of PsychodynamicGenetic EngineeringRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoResearch Process Part One

What to Do When a Possessive Blocks Punctuation

What to Do When a Possessive Blocks Punctuation What to Do When a Possessive Blocks Punctuation What to Do When a Possessive Blocks Punctuation By Mark Nichol When one refers to a city followed by the name of the state or a larger entity in which the city is located, the larger entity is set off from the smaller one by a pair of commas. But how do you treat such a reference when the place name is possessive? Revise the reference. A DailyWritingTips.com reader sent me this note: â€Å"I came across this in this morning’s New York Times: â€Å"In Portland, Oregon’s Pearl District, Dave Trausneck said he draws inspiration from the many states he has called home.† I suppose there should be a comma after Oregon’s but it sure would look hinky. It’s an awkward little phrase. What do you think? Should it be recast to read, â€Å"In the Pearl District, in Portland, Oregon, Dave Trausneck said he draws inspiration from the many states he has called home†? Oddly, as far as I know, this question is not resolved in any writing or editing handbooks, but some online commentators agree with the reader and me that a comma after Oregon would be quite hinky. But the New York Times usage, as she suggests, possesses some hinkiness of its own. I would change it with a revision similar to hers, but with a construction that reduces the comma count: â€Å"In the Pearl District of Portland, Oregon, Dave Trausneck said he draws inspiration from the many states he has called home.† A similar aberration appears in such sentences as â€Å"The Albany, New York-based company was founded in 1999.† Technically, the hyphen, to demonstrate that â€Å"New York,† not just York, is being attached to based as a phrasal adjective, should be an en dash, but that subtlety is lost on many readers (and writers). Regardless, it’s better to write around this style break: â€Å"The company, based in Albany, New York, was founded in 1999.† Alternatively, consider whether â€Å"based in† is superfluous it’s relevant only if the company is headquartered in Albany, New York, but has other locations and delete the phrase if appropriate: â€Å"The Albany, New York, company was founded in 1999.† Then there’s the intrusive insertion of a parenthesis between the possessive form of a name and the noun it refers to, as in â€Å"The law went into effect when Russia’s (then the Soviet Union) road use was not as heavy because fewer citizens owned vehicles.† Should â€Å"Soviet Union† also be possessive? No, because it’s a parenthetical insertion of the different name of the country during the period being referred to. But revise the syntax to avoid the possessive form altogether: â€Å"The law went into effect when road use in Russia (then the Soviet Union) was not as heavy because fewer citizens owned vehicles.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureConnotations of 35 Words for Funny People40 Irregular Verbs That Can End in â€Å"-t†

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 161

Summary - Essay Example to involve the OSHA under the cooperation program, Voluntary Protection Program (VPP), that encourage training and union reputation to keep worker injuries at a minimal rate, given that organizations are usually too focussed on their products and services to attend to the safety concerns of workers (Maguire 46). This action plan will involve all the major functions of the organization. A statement of conditions will be made. This is a guideline on the measures to be taken in case of safety emergencies. On the grounds and equipment, the material and equipment used in the production will be upgraded to modern standards so as to avoid safety violation. Modern equipment is computerized and safer because activities that are sensitive and risky are carried out by the machines instead of workers who are prone to error, one of main causes of accidents. The working condition of the equipment and materials is essential in ensuring the safety of the workers. Managers from the moulding, maintenance, and the assembly departments will be important in ensuring that the regular checks are made on the equipment to ensure the working condition is up to standard. To ensure the safety of employees, all the safety policies including the safety regulations, including the OSHA regulation will be incorporated, and those in contempt will be punished. A strict drug policy will be incorporated to ensure the safety of the workers and their colleague. This policy will apply to all the members of XYZ from the highest rank to the lowest rank. Risk assessment schedules will be conducted regularly in each department. The General Manager will demand consistent assessments regarding the activities of the workers and the conditions of the working environment. In implementing the action plan to raise the safety standards of the workplace, the management will initiate a multi-stakeholder plan to streamline the safety efforts of all the players. This will entail improving the both employee and

Diversion Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diversion Program - Essay Example Diversion program in the criminal justice system is a program run by a police department, court, a district attorney's office, or outside agency designed to enable offenders of criminal law to avoid criminal charges and a criminal record. In October 2007, World Sport Chicago with the cooperation of USA Boxing, Chicago Park District and Police Athlete league of Illinois, launched a program "Gloves not Guns" to encourage school children to pick up boxing gloves and not guns to deal with aggression. The purpose of the "gloves not guns" program is to save youth from offenses and street crimes. So they chose boxing as a tool by which students can take out all their anger and aggression in the ring. They can put off their stress in a legal way rather than indulging themselves in any unwanted acts. "Most importantly, this program will provide our kids with positive alternatives and keep them off the streets and away from the dangers of gangs, guns and drugs. By motivating young people to spend their spare time in the gym, rather than on the streets, we'll be using sports to change people's lives for the better." If we look at this program from the perspective of social process theories, we observe that all the factors of social learning theory, social control theory and social reaction theory are associat

Homelessness Causes and Effects

Homelessness Causes and Effects Homeless People What would it be like to be homeless? Imagine not knowing where you will sleep tonight. On a practical level, how would it feel not to have a bath for weeks and to wear dirty clothes every day? I think most of us would agree with the line from John Payne’s poem Home, Sweet Home: â€Å"Be it ever so humble, there is no place like home†. Yet thousands of people in the UK have no home of their own. We have all seen people asking for money, who seem to have all their possessions in a plastic bag, and nowhere to go. Although these people who are sleeping rough in doorways are the most visible, homelessness also includes those who are placed in hostels, bed and breakfast or other temporary accommodation, or local authority housing. It is difficult to understand how people become homeless and research shows that they are all ages, from all areas and backgrounds. There are charities that support the homeless and Centrepoint is a national organisation that focuses on young people. It provides emergency night shelters and short stay hostels. Their research shows that more than 80% of the young people who turn to Centrepoint for help are homeless due to family breakdown, abuse or eviction. Some young people become homeless following the death of a parent. It seems a double blow to be bereaved and homeless. However, often these vulnerable young people find themselves sleeping rough before seeking help. Many of these 16 to 20 year olds have no qualifications or means of supporting themselves financially. I feel that if our society wants these people to become self-sufficient, it is essential to offer help in the form of housing, and assisting them to either return to school, or to gain qualifications through training programmes to improve their chances of finding worthwhile employment. Tragically, many homeless young people are â€Å"befriended† by drug addicts or encouraged into prostitution. For those who have run away from home as a result of abuse, one wonders how bad their home circumstances must have been if they would prefer to face the risks of addiction and sexually transmitted disease. Of course it is not only young people who become homeless. Older people can face homelessness when they lose their jobs and are evicted from their homes because they cannot pay the rent. Sometimes these people have physical or mental health problems as well. Unfortunately in some circumstances these people either have no family, or their families are unable or unwilling to help them. Single homeless people are not a high priority for housing assistance and are therefore more likely to be sleeping rough, huddled under a bridge, trying to keep warm with newspapers. Other homeless people are ex-offenders. They have paid for their crime and yet they find themselves unable to find a job and therefore without resources. It is sad that many people coming out of prison have nowhere to go and may eventually end up in prison again. Often these people have been exposed to drugs in prison and will resort to dealing as a means of making money. Anyone is capable of turning to crime out of desperation, ending up harming others in an attempt to steal money. If people become homeless as a result of family breakdown or employment problems, should we not as a society make a stronger effort to help these people? Homelessness and having no money creates a climate for crime which is what we want to prevent. One of the ways of preventing it could be to offer more support to people before they find themselves homeless. For example, young people could have anonymous safe places to go to if they are in abusive situations. They should know that there is at least one adult at school who they can talk to, or a number they can phone. Although there are charities offering phone line assistance, it is not sufficient. The people who receive the least sympathy, it seems, are the mothers with small children. Although they may not be sleeping rough, these families are often in very cramped accommodation and they cannot really make it feel like a home. If they are fortunate enough to be given council housing they are often envied or disliked by others and made to feel that they have been given something they do not deserve. However, we do not know their circumstances and they may have been the victims of sexual abuse or domestic violence. It would be far better for them and their children to be in a safe place than to risk further violence. Homelessness is a problem all over the world. Places affected by flooding and earthquakes suddenly have thousands of people whose homes have been demolished and who have no possessions. Places in Africa that experience severe drought conditions force people to try to find food elsewhere. Unfortunately the result is often groups of homeless people who are starving.According to the United Nations, more than 100 million people worldwide have no housing whatsoever. This becomes a serious Human Rights issue and although we might like to think it is mainly a problem in the developing countries, the truth is that in first world countries such as the UK and United States, the number of homeless is growing. Although it is helpful to donate to charities who offer help, or to give people food, more needs to be done. Adequate housing needs to be available and we have to change our attitude towards people who may be in dire circumstances through no fault of their own. Bibliography Capdevila, G HUMAN RIGHTS: More Than 100 Million Homeless Worldwide http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=28086 Payne, J Clari; or, the Maid of Milan: an Opera. London: John Miller, 1823. See http://www.poetry-archive.com/p/home_sweet_home.html Pleace, N and Fitzpatrick, S (2004) Centrepoint Youth Homelessness index http://www.centrepoint.org.uk/documents/Centrepoint_YorkResearch-report.pdf

Notes from Underground Essay

Man acts according to what he feels. His actions are characterized by emotions that he is experiencing. Good or bad, it defines his role as a man of action or an intelligent man. A man of action does things expected of him. He plays by the rules. He does things that needs to be done whatever the cost may be . The only price is happiness and contentment of doing what is necessary for the benefit of another human being. A man of action encompasses the manifestations of physiology or human body and his mind sees himself as different to others and that he can make a change or influence the course of history. Here is an account taken from Notes from Underground: Such a gentleman simply dashes straight for his object like an infuriated bull with its horns down,and nothing but a wall will stop him. For a man of action, what you see is what you get. According to Confucius, â€Å"I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand†, that is a man of action; doing and acting with nobility not only to be remembered but also to be a model for others. An example of a man of action is Mahatma Gandhi. Mohandas Gandhi has become the strongest symbol of non-violence in the 20th century. In South Africa Gandhi worked to improve living conditions for the Indian minority. This work made him develop a strong Indian and religious commitment, and a will to self-sacrifice. His example shows the world that all can be equal and will benefit from democracy that would bring peace to humanity. An intelligent man sees things in a different light. It is seen through actions taken with wit. An intelligent man before he acts, uses his mind and devices a plan on what ought and should be done. Here is an example taken from Notes from Underground: Your surname 2 But do you know, gentlemen, what was the chief point about my spite? Why, the whole point, the real sting of it lay in the fact that continually, even in the moment of the acutest spleen, I was inwardly conscious with shame that I was not only not a spiteful but not even an embittered man, that I was simply scaring sparrows at random and amusing myself by it. It may not be for the common good but it is the right choice. The goal is to fit in his social environment, to shadow the pain, burdens or motives that he is feeling and he has in mind. From an intelligent man, the intentions are hidden and facade is given to the audience – the society. An example of an intelligent man is Adolf Hitler. He has a dream of having an empire under his control and posed the greatest threat to democracy also in the 20th century while Gandhi is promoting it. During his reign many people died and experienced the wrath of discrimination especially the Jews. I am not imposing that being an intelligent man is bad and a man of action is better. It is on the our discretion on how to use our intelligence or strength that would tremendously help or harm mankind. There is no right or wrong decisions. It is how you manage your decision the good way. Life is not not an easy one but it can be good. Works Cited Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Notes from the Underground, and The Gambler. Oxford :Oxford University Press, 1991

The Ultimate Guide to Major Declaration Essay Samples Culp Georgetown

The Ultimate Guide to Major Declaration Essay Samples Culp Georgetown In addition, items are often upgraded in price and features so you must trade in your existing item in favour of a better one. A number of these info can be too confidential for different folks to read. Students should choose which position they need to take based upon the amount and caliber of the points they're in a position to come up with to support their position. Ask for particular information. Employing reliable sources for research is important. My work was admired by lots of people especially companies that offered job prospect. You have to construct a thesis which you're ready to prove utilizing the tools you've got available, without needing to consult the world's major expert on the issue to supply you with a definitive judgment. Let's say your topic is to talk about an extracurricular activity that has played a massive effect on your life. See what you could add to provide the reader a bet ter take on your position right from the start. Just like any fantastic bit of writing, you may have to compose a few drafts. One of my favourite things about writing is that there isn't any correct or wrong answer. In reality, you can make up any topic you want by yourself, as long because there is unlimited amount of those. Before you turn in your assignment, you are going to want to check over it one final moment. After the mother's or child's life is in danger. An outline is a significant remedy for this. A superb case of a question a parent might be asked is the way the parent thinks her or his kid will add to the school. Major Declaration Essay Samples Culp Georgetown Options Remember that the amount of your essay is based on the assignment offered to you. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and a suitable structure. 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If you're an extremely talented writer, you might be able to intuitively create a compelling essay including all the components required to be both persuasive and simple to swallowor follow. Remember an argumentative essay is based more on facts instead of emotion. All essays will have a certain topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. Of all Of the forms of essay, writing a quick essay may appear to be the easiest. Here's What I Know About Major Declaration Essay Samples Culp Georgetown You are requested to convince your reader of your perspective. Should you need extra assistance with editing and revising, there are two or three free tools readily available online. On the flip side, Georgetown is also providing you the chance to speak about camp, so should you have amazing camp stories that show your character and personality, definitely write about doing it! This provides you with an edge from your classmates. Your own personal statement is a fundamental part of your graduate school application. In addition, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask her or him to make corrections. Unless you're an extremely talented baker, most likely the response is no. New Ideas Into Major Declaration Essay Samples Culp Georgetown Never Before Revealed There are times some teachers aren't professional or don't explain a number of the lessons well. First-year students otherwise enter the College as Undeclared students, utilizing the very first and second year to learn more about the curriculum searching for their selection of major. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. Fully being a happy high school student wouldn't be possible without my family members. If this isn't possible, you have to work together with a faculty member to come up with a coherent framework. 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A streetcar Named Desire Socratic Seminar Questions

Drama Unit Socratic Seminar Questions Part 1: A Streetcar Named Desire 1. Blanche who is homeless, comes to her sister’s house at the beginning. Blanche had been a schoolteacher, married Allan, a man she later discovered to be gay. Her reactions to his sexual orientation caused him to commit suicide. Lonely, she becomes a prostitute, who loses her teaching career when her sexual relationship with a teenager is found out. After the family plantation Belle Reve is lost, she turns to her little sister Stella, who lives in with her husband Stanley in a poor area of New Orleans. She is a very deluded character; She hides her past and fragility behind her Southern aristocrat clothes and manners and is very harsh and mean to Stanley, calling him†¦show more content†¦Stella is a static character because she still chooses Stanley over her sister. It has always been Stanley, and it always will be Stanley. Even when Blanche claims that Stanley raped her, she still does not believe her own flesh and blood. 2. Blanche is the protagonist, had a great tragedy in her early life. She fell in love young and married, and discovered her husband was gay. Shortly after, her husband died and left her a young widow. â€Å"And then the searchlight which had been turned on the world was turned off again and never for one moment since has there been any light that’s stronger than this—kitchen—candle.†(scene6) After her sister left, she had to take care of family members. Their deaths resulted in the loss of her familys Belle Reve, and Blanche being displaced and thrown into a society she did not understand. After all this tragedy, Blanche preferred to live in her own made up reality of denial where she is still the belle of the party; and life is full of small talk and manners. She tries to display herself as innocent. Stanley is the antagonist, he is violent and an enemy to the Protagonist, Blanche. â€Å"He acts like an animal, has an animal’s habits! Eats like one, moves like one, talks like one!†(scene 4) He hits Stella, and rapes Blanche. â€Å"We’ve had this date with each other from the beginning!† (scene10). It is also found that Stanley also reveals â€Å"the survival of the fittest,† in

The Plight Of Low Income Individuals And Their Families

Saul Alvarez English 101 The Plight of Low Income Individuals and Their Families According to the PRB article â€Å"U.S. Low-Income Working Families Increasing†, 42.7% of people live below the poverty line, with 32.1% of them living 200% below the poverty line; this group is categorized as the low-income group.(PRB) 59% of low income working families have one or more minority parents. Living in a low-income community limits one’s standard of living through academic gaps, the selection of food available, an ever-present fear of victimization , and a lack of resources available to both children and adults. The differences in academic gaps between children and teenagers from low-income neighborhoods and affluent neighborhoods present themselves in the schools the students attend. A study by the Department of Education showed that students in low-income areas did not have access to the same rigorous courses, and when they did, the resources available to the low-income students was lacking compared to the resources the students in high income neighborhoods had access to. In the low-income areas black and Hispanic students were twice as likely to have teachers with less experience, with one or two years in the profession, compared to schools in affluent neighborhoods with well-to-do white students. Another thing increasing the academic gap is that only 22 percent of local districts reported offering pre-kindergarten or other early learning programs for low-income children.Show MoreRelatedDescription Of The Business Opportunity836 Words   |  4 Pagesin 2012. Among the reasons identified by the large population of uninsured individuals is low income. The low income implies that they have little disposable income, and therefore they spend a little on food and other daily survival necessities (Bailey, 2012). Sixty one percent of the respondents stated that they would seek insurance services if a company offered them at affordable costs that are relative to their income. Only 1.5% of the uninsured population perceived that they did not require insuranceRead MoreThe Leader Of The Field Of Healthcare1271 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristics of leaders have been endless over a period and around the world. Leaders are individuals with vision and he/her view the future different from the commonly accepted view. A leader can influence change and communicate his/her vision to other staff and gain the support, and acceptance in order to implementing the vision. Leaders have established values which offer a basis for vision and passion to attain individual and organizational g oals. Influence is vital to attaining change and to be groundedRead MoreA Study Of The Development, Structure, And Functioning Of Human Society909 Words   |  4 Pagestheories in sociology today, says that society is a unified whole that functions because of the contributions of its separate structures: family, education, politics, and the economy (social institutions). Fortunately, only with the use of two social institutions from this theory and through culture can we understand William Julius Wilson’s article the â€Å"Economic Plight of Inner-City Black Males† from More than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City where he addresses the question, why are soRead MoreMinimum Wage Does Not Impact The Poverty Rate600 Words   |  3 Pagesworkers below the poverty rate and reducing the opportunity for jobs. Protection Since the years after 1938, the Fair Labor Act has enabled workers to maintain a minimum level of income. The forty-hour workweek has provided a limit to employers but also in good economic times the ability to work multiple jobs to offset low-skilled workers living expenses. Today, single mothers, elderly and uneducated are the protected society. Consequently the protection comes at a cost, the minimum wage is also affectingRead MoreIdeal Healthcare System1680 Words   |  7 Pageshealthcare system, the number of persons who lack health insurance approaches 47 million. Lack of health insurance has been associated with limited or no access to comprehensive medical services, worse health outcomes, financial catastrophe for many families, and financial challenges for many service providers. 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Economic inequality refers to how the total wealth in the United States is distributed among people in a social class. It is needed and it is important but due to the major gap difference, it affects the Democratic Party and in addition, it also af fects Americans because they do not understand the actual wealth distribution. It is a major issue in the United States because it affects other economicRead MoreEconomic Poverty970 Words   |  4 Pagesattention to the plight of the poor when there isnt a natural disaster to put them in the headlines. Poor children in the United States are more likely to be White than Black or Latino and are more likely to live in a rural or suburban area than in an inner city (Poverty and Schooling in the U.S., 2004). There is also an economic case for reducing child poverty and any other form of it. When children grow up in poverty, they are somewhat more likely than non-poor children to have low earnings as adultsRead MoreAddressing the Challenges Faced by Young Parents1814 Words   |  7 PagesParents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦...2 1. Education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦3 2. Stress†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 3. Finances†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 4. Health†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 IV. Addressing the Challenges faced by Young Parents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 1. Support from Family and Friends†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5 2. Adequate Medical and Psychological Care†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 3. Role of the Government†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 V. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦6 VI. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....7 Introduction In addition to the challengesRead MoreEssay on Poverty and Personal Choice1378 Words   |  6 Pagesno simple solution to resolve the plight of these often forgotten citizens. Most of us associate poor as being in a class below the poverty line. In fact there are many levels of poverty ranging from those with nothing, to those with enough to survive but too little to move up. I believe many of our nation’s poor are so by their own doing. I will share observations and personal experiences to support the argument that being poor often is a result of individual choice. One needs merely inspiration

Development of a Clinical Practice guideline for Acute Care Nursing Free Essays

Clinical practice guidelines are formulated as a necessity to provide uniformity in the nursing field, cut down costs involved and improve the quality of care offered to patients. One of the most important ways of developing a practical and effective guideline is the systematic review of literature on this area since extensive and credible research has been carried out and documented by qualified professionals. It is important to examine whether the formulation of such guidelines has helped influence the conduct of nurses and by extension to evaluate the extent, if any that the provision of health care has benefited from such guidelines. We will write a custom essay sample on Development of a Clinical Practice guideline for Acute Care Nursing or any similar topic only for you Order Now It becomes essential to consider specifically the various areas of intensive medicine since the importance of the department makes it a necessity to have clear, uniform and sustainable practices that fosters discipline, acquisition of new knowledge and a diligence in ensuring that exact and prompt care is administered to save lives. Introduction Nursing is a vital part of our society due to the mortal nature of humanity. The average human person cannot live his whole life without need to acquire some medical attention due to either ailment or injury. Nurses therefore provide the necessary care in ensuring that people receive treatment of their various ailments and injuries and hence the role of the nurse is to foster good health and maintain good quality of life. Nurses work under all kinds of environment depending on the nature of ailment, preferences of the patients, personal choices that are influenced by various social and economic factors and in accordance to the laws and guidelines of the various institutions that have jurisdiction over the conduct of nurses under their authorities. These institutions might range from federal and state governments, registration and oversight bodies and specific hospitals in which individual nurses are attached. There are many fields in medicine and nurses work in all these departments depending on the specificity of the fields they have received training in. This paper will dwell on the area of acute care provision since as a student specializing in this field; it is common logic that my review should rotate within the educational confines of this field. The area of acute care nursing usually involves attending to patients within the intensive unit set up and is mainly patients whose lives are in danger due to fatal ailments and serious injuries. The history of the development of intensive unit care can be traced to Florence Nightingale and the contribution it has brought to the field of medicine is monumental if the great number of lives saved can be a testimony of its importance and success. It is important that nurses receive sufficient training since their occupation involves saving lives or restoring health regardless of whether assisting medics or administering such services independently. Education then becomes a vital part in the development of the nursing profession and hospitals have recognized the importance of education and by extension, hospitals are mandating that their nurses update their training annually (Kurjak Chervenak, 2006). There is a lot of prudence and common sense behind such directives, most of which are due to the increasing innovations in technology, medicines and methodologies in the field of medicine and nursing. Nurses, especially acute care nurses are required to have accurate knowledge in operating various machines employed in treating patients and since many improvements and new inventions are a daily occurrence, failure to have current knowledge might be a cause for catastrophe and civil liability thereafter. Guidelines are used to ensure that new findings in nursing are used to ensure that gains are felt in the nursing sector to ensure that all stake holders benefit. Good guidelines should be based on evidence and the best way to collect such evidence is through systematic reviews of the existing literature (Silagy, 2001). However, since several literatures exists on this field and the nature of the many changes in technology and technique that have occurred through the ages, it is necessary to limit your review to materials produced in the near past. The actual period one chooses to examine might be determined by several factors but among them might be the length of the systematic review with a small review like this one going back 5 to 10 years. This means that knowledge contained in these primary documents is current and a reflection of the present condition of nursing sector and guidelines based on such materials will act as an improving factor in the current health service provision. How to cite Development of a Clinical Practice guideline for Acute Care Nursing, Papers

Characteristics of Effective Direct Vocabulary Instruction free essay sample

Students are quite capable to obtaining an idea of a words meaning with minimal (e. G. One) exposure to a word. This is called fast mapping. To understand the word at deeper levels, however, students require repeated and varied exposure to words, during which they revise their initial understandings. Such exposure is referred to as extended mapping. Without experiences that allow for extended mapping, word knowledge remains superficial but useful. Recommendation: Teachers should vary the type of interactions students have with vocabulary terms.One technique is to use both linguistic and nonlinguistic representations. Some activities should involve writing; some should involve constructing orphic representations, others should involve drawing pictures. A second way to vary how students interact with vocabulary words is to use the various forms of identifying similarities and differences. Four types of instructional activities that require students to identify similarities and differences: comparing classifying, creating metaphors, and creating analogies. We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics of Effective Direct Vocabulary Instruction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Comparing = the process of identifying similarities and differences among or between things or ideas.Technically, comparing refers to identifying similarities, and contrasting refers to identifying differences. Classifying = the recess of grouping things that are alike into categories based on their characteristics. Creating metaphors = the process of identifying a general or basic pattern that connects information that is not related at a surface or literal level. Creating analogies = the process of identifying the relationship between two sets of items?in other words, identifying relationships between relationships.Characteristic 4: Teaching word parts enhances students understanding of terms. Teaching of roots and affixes has traditionally been a part of regular vocabulary instruction. Teaching older readers about roots suffixes of rhapsodically complex words may be a worthwhile challenge, teaching beginning or less skilled readers about them may be a mistake. Affixes include prefixes and suffixes. Prefixes commonly augment the meaning of the words to which they are attached. Suffixes commonly change the part of speech of the words to which they are attached. Recommendation: A sequence of six lessons.In the first lesson, the teacher explicitly defines and teaches the concept of a prefix by presenting examples and unexampled. The goal of this first lesson is for students to understand the difference twine genuine prefixed words like unkind and refill as opposed to tricksters like uncle and reason. In the second lesson, the teacher explains and exemplifies the negative meaning of the prefixes UN- and ids-. The third lesson addresses the negative meanings of in-, IM-, IR-, and non-. In the fourth lesson, the teacher explains and exemplifies the two meanings of re (again and back).The fifth lesson addresses the less common meaning of UN- and ids- (do the opposite) and the less common meanings of in- and IM- (in or into). Finally, in the sixth lesson the teacher explains and exemplifies he meanings of en-, me-, over-, and MIS-. Len the first lesson on suffixes, the teacher explains and exemplifies the concept of a suffix using examples and unexampled. The next two lessons present suffixed words that show no spelling change from the base words: blows, boxes, talking faster, lasted, sweetly, comical, rainy.Next, the teacher presents one or more lessons illustrating each of the three major kinds of spelling changes that occur with suffixes: (1) consonant blending (thinner, swimming begged, funny); (2) y to I (worried, flies, busily, reliable, loneliness); and (3)deleted silent e (baking, evaded, rider, believable, refusal, breezy). Finally, a number of lessons provide examples of three inflectional endings (-SSL-SE, -deed,-inning), and the following derivation suffixes: -lay, -err -ion, -able, -al, -y, -news. Characteristic 5: Different types of words require different types of instruction.Four categories: object terms, action terms, event terms, and state terms. Recommendation: Teachers can use the Categories and Semantic Features of Words Figure 4. 8 to help them determine which characteristics they might emphasize in an initial d escription of the word presented to students. Characteristic 6: Students should discuss the terms they are learning. Discussion helps students encode information in their own words, helps them view things from different perspectives, and allows for self-expression. Characteristic 7: Students should play with words. Games.Games have at least three distinguishing characteristics. First, they present manageable challenges for students. Games provide tasks that challenge the individuals present capacity, yet permit some control over the level of challenge faced. Second, games arouse curiosity by providing sufficient complexity so that outcomes are not always certain. Finally, games involve some degree of fantasy arousal. Characteristic 8: Instruction should focus on terms that have a high probability of enhancing academic success. CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY Six research-based principles underlie many of the recommendations made in this book.

The Minor Post Exilic Prophets Essay Example For Students

The Minor Post Exilic Prophets Essay Before the Babylonian exile, Biblical prophesy reached its highest point. Prophets such as Jeremiah and Ezekiel changed and molded the scope of Israelite religion. Their writings were intelligent, insightful, well developed, and contained a great spiritual meaning. Following the Babylonian exile, however, prophesy took a depressing downward turn. There are many post exilic prophets, yet their writings are usually short, mostly irrelevant, repetitive, and, for the most part, anonymous. Though this is the case for many of these prophets, their works cannot be overlooked. Haggai and Zechariah were leaders in the cultic reform of the Israelite people. Malachai calmed their fears, and assured them of Gods love. Still other prophets told of a new, Messianic time when the word of the Lord would be held in its former glory. These were the most important works, as post exilic Israel needed not only protection, but spiritual guidance to sustain their society. We will write a custom essay on The Minor Post Exilic Prophets specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The prophet Haggai was in integral figure in uniting the Israelite people. Upon return to their homeland, the Israelites found most of the infrastructure in a state of disrepair, with the people uncaring for their moral and social responsibilities, to say nothing for their religious practices. (OVC) Even the temple of the Lord had been destroyed. Haggai emphasized the return to a more cultic society. Through Haggai, God explained the plight of the Israelite people, as in Haggai 1:6: You have sown much, but harvested little; you eat, but there is not enough to be satisfied; you put on clothing, but no one is warm enoughWhy? Because of My house which lies desolate while each of you runs to his own house. (Haggai 1:9) The word of Haggai is accepted as the word of God, and the temple is rebuilt in less than four years. I am with you, said the Lord,in Haggai 1:13 when the temple was finally built. (EIB)The prophesy of Haggai did not end with the building of the Lords temple. He offered a message of hope to the people of Israel. Haggai said that the promises made by God would be kept, now that He had a dwelling place within the city. God inspired the people of the newly reformed city, saying: Who is left among you who saw this temple in its former glory?Does it not seem to you like nothing in comparison? The latter glory of this house will be greater than the former, and in this place I shall give peace. (Haggai 2:3,9) He also talks of a time of political upheaval and reform, when he promises to overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms and nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, every one by the sword of another. (Haggai 2:22)The latter glory foretold in Haggais prophesy is emphasized in the book of Zechariah. Zechariah prophesied in the shadow of Haggai, but gave his words a slightly different spin. He emphasizes, like the pre-exilic prophets, the importance of a moral reform among the Israelites. Zechariahs way of recieving the word of God is very unique among the prophets. The word comes to him in the form of eight visions. These colorful and strange visions make up most of his book. (OVC) The visions are so bizarre that the Lord sends an angel as in interpreter, so that Zeccariah can derive meaning from them. (I have taken descriptions of these visions, from the OVC and other texts, and combined them with actual verses from the bible in order to create these descriptions.)The first of thsese eight visions is that of four angels, whose amazing speed is symbolized by horses. These four angels report that all is at peace with the nation, because the opponents to the nation have been silenced. This is called a time of universal peace (Carstensen, OVC). Even though the land is peaceful, the Lord is not, and he expresses his hatred toward those who have been allied against the Israelites. .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .postImageUrl , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:hover , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:visited , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:active { border:0!important; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:active , .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8 .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue1c2943ff4973e8fa8e257c7c5cd81d8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Deer EssayThe second vision is of four horns and four smiths. This vision fortells the complete destruction of the enemies of God. The horns may be the four most powerful armies allied against the nation, and the smiths could be the angels send by got to protect the inhabitants of the nation. The third vision begins with a man marking off the city boundaries with a plumb line. Again, and angel interpreter tells Zechariah to inform the man that there need be no boundary lines, because the city shall have no walls. It goes on to say that if there is true faith and belief in the Lord, a city without any defenses will be safer than the most heavily armored city. The second part of this vision is an invitation to the Israelite armies to share in the destruction of their enemies. This vision is significant because it describes the Lord dwelling with his people, an event which creates happiness in and of itself, not only because people are pleased that the Lord is with them, but because the Lord does not choose to surround Himself with depressed people. The fourth vision is very significant, in that the character of Satan is reintroduced as the adversary. Joshua, the high priest, is brought on trial, with an angel as judge. Satan brings these charges to the court, and accuses Joshua. The angel of the Lord removes Joshuas clothes, and replaces them with a white robe, symbolizing the absolution of sin from the Israelite population. Joshua is given the responsiblity of being a moral and spiritual leader in society. In the fifth vision, there is a golden lampstand, adorned by seven lamps. These lamps smbolize the light of the Lord, and His vision, which not only gives light to the people, but oversees the actions of the people, both on and off of holy ground. On either side of the lampstand are two olive trees, representative of Joshua and Zerubbabel. In the sixth vision, God uses a large, flying scroll to symbolize a curse on evildoers, mostly thieves and liars. The curse gives an ominous vision of death to those who disobey the word of God. Though theft and perjury are the only two sins mentioned here, they are probably just symbols of a longer list of greater sins which would fall under this curse. The seventh vision speaks of a woman trapped in a wine cask. The angel lifts the lead cover to show Zechariah the woman, who is called Wickedness. The angel talks of building a temple in the land of Shinar, where she will be sent so that the Israelite land will be absolved of sin. The eighth is a wrap-up, in the tradition of the first vision. Four horsemen bring news that the land is calm, and now that His people are reformed, God is also calm. Later in this chapter, there is also talk of the coronation of Joshua, the son of the high priest. It is told that later, Joshua would build the temple of the Lord, uniting the people and nations of the Middle East. Zechariah and Haggai both told of the rebuilding of the temple and the return to the cultic society by the Israelites. Haggai focused more on the cultic activities than Zechariah. This is not to say that Haggai ignored the moral aspects of society. He believed, through the building of the temple, the Lord would reside in the city, and the community would come together. Zechariah prophesied to the same ends, in that by unifying the people, the Lord would be with them, and further, by rebuilding His temple, the people would return to their former religious ways. God would see this, and want to reside with His people. Through both of these books, there are undertones of a future society, where the power of God would be realized. .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .postImageUrl , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:hover , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:visited , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:active { border:0!important; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:active , .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u02d2970e4940907ce56b4cff56563e9f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creative writing: "A flower" EssayThe future society is the focus of the books of Malachai and Obadiah. The prophet known as Malachai could have been anyone. The word Malachai, in Hebrew, means messenger. The author of the book of Malachai told of another prophet who would be born to the earth to prepare the people for the return of their God. The later editors assumed that the prophet was referring to himself, which was not necessarily the case. He brought a word of warning to the Israelites, warning them that their half hearted attempts at sacrifice would not be sufficient. He said, A son honors his father, and a servant his master. Then if I am a father, where is My hon or? And if I am a master, where is My respect? (Malachi 1:6) He goes on to tell the priests how they have upset him so: You are presenting defiled food upon My altar. But you say, how have we defiled Thee?But when you present the blind for sacrifice, is it not evil? (Malachai 1:7,8) The Lord then goes on to invite the Israelites to offer such inferior animals to their governor, and see if their community leader is as forgiving. Much of the post-exilic prophesy is warning, with undertones of a glorious future. Through these prophets, we see a sence of rebuilding, of picking up the nation where it left off. Much of the ceremonial history of the Israelites is shaped in this time period, mostly by Haggai, who believed that a strong sense of ceremony must accompany a strong moral belief to satisfy the Lord. Furthermore, to receive the Lords residence with the people as well as his blessing, there must be a suitable house in which he can dwell. Palaces, beliefs, and the restructuring and rebuilding of society all played a major role in the healing of the Israelite population following the Babylonian exile. These prophets played an important part in leading the people to social stability. Their words are a minor portion of the bible, but the implications of their words drastically shaped the israelite society. Notes:It amazed me that such a minor spot in such a huge book could have such great implications on a society. Had these prophets not interceded in the affairs of the Israelites, the entire Jewish religion would have been on the verge of collapse. Many of the practices and beliefs set during the post-exilic period have lasted in Israel for hundreds of years. I found it ironic, however, that after the nation healed itself, it immediatly began to discuss plans for war with other nations. Throughout the Bible, there are discussions of prosperity and pease, but does it have to come at the expense of other nations? It would have been more economical for the Israelites to at least establish a solid medium for trade, and a constant source of manpower and funds before they began to wage war on other cities. In researching this paper, I found the OVC to be especially helpful. It contained a verse by verse breakdown of the entire book, as well as historical backgrounds. Scripture quotations ar e from my New American Standard Bible. Works CitedCarstensen, Roger N. The Book of Zechariah. From The Interpreters One Volume Commentary on the Bible. Abingdon Press, 1971. Achtemeier, Paul J. Harpers Bible Dictionary. Harper and Row, 1985. Carey, Gary.Cliffs Notes on Old Testament. Cliffs Notes, Inc, 1995. Barker, William P. Everyone in the Bible. Fleming H. Revell, 1966. Brownrigg, Ronald and Comay, Joan. Whos Who in the Bible. CrownPublishers, Inc, 1946 and 1952.Words/ Pages : 2,090 / 24

Lateral and Vertical Thinking Essays

Lateral and Vertical Thinking Essays Lateral and Vertical Thinking Paper Lateral and Vertical Thinking Paper Lateral and Vertical Thinking De Bono (2010) in ‘Lateral and Vertical Thinking’ explains the positive and negative features of the two ways of people’s thinking, and he tries to clarify it by giving examples. The core advantage of the lateral thinking is the overcoming styptic assumptions and understanding the problem in an completely different way (De Bono,2010). On the other part, vertical thinking is the way of thinking by exact and logical reasoning of the situation. So, the vertical thinkers do not try to see at the problem from different viewpoints, it is easier for them to see straight to the problem; otherwise, the lateral thinkers prefer to study the problem from all possible angles and usually very quickly. Therefore, the lateral thinking gives more probable solutions; it means more advantages for thinker. Once I heard the interesting for me theory that first group of dancers focuses on definitions and rules, categorizing then standardizing the categorization. And they always ask themselves questions:  Ã¢â‚¬ËœDoes it belong in this box or that box? Which style is correct? So, there is understandably an emphasis on technique, more specifically on defining and enforcing one  correct  technique. Therefore, the second group focuses more on the way dance feels - the subjective experience of dancing. And accordingly ask themselves other questions: ’How does it impact us? How can we enhance the experience for our partners? ’   This group’s thinking therefore embraces more creativity and flexibility, to adapt to partners who are different from our own style. Does it really true? Does it really two types of dancing? As it turned out, no; there is no types of dancing divided by these criteria. So it is a difference between  vertical thinking  versus  lateral thinking, which can happen anywhere. According to the dictionary, lateral thinking is idea generation  and  problem solving  technique  in which new concepts  are created by looking at things in  novel  ways. Whereas the vertical thinking carries a chosen idea forward, the lateral thinking provokes fresh ideas or  changes  the  frame of reference. And, while vertical thinking tries to overcome  problems  by  meeting  them head-on, lateral thinking tries to  bypass  them through a radically different approach  ( usinessdictionary. com/definition/lateral-thinking. html). I want to conclude that vertical thinking is selective, lateral thinking is generative; and importance for vertical thinking is a correctness, whereas for lateral is a richness. According to original Whiteys Lindy Hoppers superstar Leon James, ‘Want to dance Lindy Hop correctly? Then dont be real concerned ab out correctness! ’(Judy Pritchett Frank Manning,2003). But lateral thinking is not better for  all  kinds of dancing. As I wrote, I believe that both vertical and lateral thinking are valid where appropriate. Rule-based vertical thinking makes perfect sense for ballet and competition ballroom dance for example. You cannot hold a competition unless everyone agrees on the rules. But one of the strangest mismatches you will find in the dance world is when someone applies a rigidly vertical thinking attitude to a lateral thinking dance form, like Lindy hop, Argentine tango, West Coast Swing, salsa or blues. Those dances were born and bred in cultures which valued spontaneity, flexibility and personal variations. The original spirit of those dances is lost if their freedom is replaced by an emphasis on rules and restrictions. So, the types of thinking have a place to be even in the dancing. The exact, logical vertical thinking is for dances with very strong techniques, but the lateral thinking gives more emotions to the dance. And always the most fascinating part of dancing is the individuality of the dancers. Keep the spirit alive. List of References Business Dictionary, nd, viewed 19 October 2011, businessdictionary. com/definition/lateral-thinking. html Marlys Mayfield, 2010, Thinking for yourself, Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, USA Judy